Evidence of this culture can be found at the eastern and western ends of the Canadian shore. By overlaying social data on a map that depicts lake level change, a community can see the potential impact that water levels could have on vulnerable people. Pitz.[42]. When you purchase our Nautical Charts App,  you get all the great marine chart app features like fishing spots, along with LAKE SUPERIOR marine chart. International Great Lakes Datum of 1985 - The current vertical control reference system that defines water levels within the Great Lakes - St. Lawrence River system. It has a mean surface elevation of 600 feet (180 metres) above sea level and a maximum depth of 1,332 feet (406 metres). Choose any offshore point in Lake Superior to view an accurate marine weather forecast. [8] Its average depth is 80.5 fathoms (483 ft; 147 m) with a maximum depth of 222.17 fathoms (1,333 ft; 406 m). It is shared by the Canadian province of Ontario to the north, the U.S. state of Minnesota to the west, and Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to the south. The Social Vulnerability Index, which shows areas of high human vulnerability to hazards, is based on population attributes (e.g., age and poverty) and the built environment. Access other maps for various points of interests and businesses. It has a maximum depth of 1,332 feet (406 meters). https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-great-lakes-by-depth.html [24] Summer surface temperatures in the lake appeared to have increased by about 4.5 °F (2.5 °C) between 1979 and 2007, compared with an approximately 2.7 °F (1.5 °C) increase in the surrounding average air temperature. Bounded on the east and north by Ontario (Canada), on the west by Minnesota (U.S.), and on the south by Wisconsin and Michigan (U.S.), it discharges into Lake Huron at its eastern end via the St. Marys River. Lake Superior has a surface area of 31,700 square miles (82,103 km2),[7] which is approximately the size of South Carolina or Austria. Click on the map to download data. Iron ore is exported from Taconite Harbor and Two Harbors (Minnesota) and from Marquette (Michigan). Have more questions about the Nautical Chart App? The lake is bounded by Ontario and Minnesota to the north and west, and Wisconsin and Michigan to the south. Less winter ice cover allows more solar radiation to penetrate and warm the water. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2020 worldatlas.com, The Eight US States Located in the Great Lakes Region, European Countries That Are Not Members Of The European Union, The US States Most Prone To Natural Disasters, The Largest Football (Soccer) Stadiums In The World. [12], Largest of the Great Lakes of North America, International Lake Superior Board of Control, Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park, Great Storms of the North American Great Lakes, List of shipwrecks of western Lake Superior, Great Recycling and Northern Development Canal, "Global Land One-Kilometer Base Elevation (GLOBE) v.1", "Tunnel Valleys, Glacial Surges, and Subglacial Hydrology of the Superior Lobe, Minnesota", "Great Lakes: Basic Information: Physical Facts", Michigan Department of Environmental Quality, "Superior Pursuit: Facts About the Greatest Great Lake", "Global Warming Is Shrinking the Great Lakes", "Lake Superior Warming Faster than Surrounding Climate", "Extensive Great Lakes Ice Coverage to Limit Severe Weather, Pose Challenges to Shipping Industry", "After Achieving 95 Percent Coverage, Lake Superior's Ice Breaking Up", "NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL GLERL-29: Evaporation from Lake Superior", Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, "Ontario Amethyst: Ontario's Mineral Emblem", "Century-Old Shipwreck Discovered: Ore Carrier Went Down in Lake Superior on Its Second Voyage", "Increasing Stoichiometric Imbalance in North America's Largest Lake: Nitrification in Lake Superior", "Great Lakes Sensitivity to Climatic Forcing: Hydrological Models", "Rockin' the Rift, The Billion-Year-Old Split that Made Us", Lake Superior NOAA nautical chart #14961 online, Parks Canada - Lake Superior National Marine Conservation Area, Conference of Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Governors and Premiers, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lake_Superior&oldid=984893157, Articles with dead external links from February 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with incomplete citations from February 2020, Articles using infobox body of water without alt, Articles using infobox body of water without alt bathymetry, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2013, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, 1,729 mi (2,783 km) plus 997 mi (1,605 km) for islands, This page was last edited on 22 October 2020, at 18:49. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [23], Historic low water The rocks of Lake Superior's northern shore date back to the early history of the earth. It may relate to anthropogenic alternations to the regional nitrogen cycle, but researchers are still unsure of the causes of this change to the lake's ecology. Species native to the lake include: banded killifish, bloater, brook trout, burbot, cisco, lake sturgeon, lake trout, lake whitefish, longnose sucker, muskellunge, northern pike, pumpkinseed, rock bass, round whitefish, smallmouth bass, walleye, white sucker and yellow perch. [citation needed] The water surface's slow reaction to temperature changes, seasonally ranging between 32 and 55 °F (0–13 °C) around 1970,[30] helps to moderate surrounding air temperatures in the summer (cooler with frequent sea breeze formations) and winter, and creates lake effect snow in colder months. The data used in this map are derived from Bureau of Labor Statistics sources, aggregated to Census block groups. Most of the Pukaskwa Pits were likely made during this time. Lake Superior, most northwesterly and largest of the five Great Lakes of North America and one of the world’s largest bodies of fresh water. The Ojibwe name for the lake is gichi-gami (pronounced gitchi-gami or kitchi-gami in different dialects),[13] meaning "great sea." As with all remotely sensed data, all features should be verified with a site visit. The lake was also called Lac Tracy (for Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy) by 17th century Jesuit missionaries. NOTE: Panning between lakes without changing location in the lake drop-down menu will result in incorrect lake levels displayed. Lake Superior is the largest freshwater lake in the world in area and the third largest in volume, behind Lake Baikal in Siberia and Lake Tanganyika in East Africa. Lake Superior empties into Lake Huron via the St. Marys River and the Soo Locks. The French Jesuit missionary Claude-Jean Allouez circumnavigated and charted the lake in 1667. These impacts are complex and may be different from community to community. They were Algonkian people who hunted, fished and gathered berries. However, 60% of the time, the land-water interface will be within this zone. [23] In the summer of 2007 monthly historic lows were set; August at 0.66 feet (0.20 m), September at 0.58 feet (0.18 m). The IGLD 1985 is one of common vertical datums between the United States and Canada. Lightfoot sings that "The lake, it is said, never gives up her dead". [a] The shoreline of the lake stretches 2,726 miles (4,387 km) (including islands). This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Lake-Superior-lake-North-America, Great Lakes Information Network - Lake Huron, Great Lakes Information Network - Lake Superior, LiveScience - Lake Superior: Facts About the Greatest Great Lake, The Canadian Encyclopedia - Lake Superior, Lake Superior - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Lake Superior - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). However, nitrate concentrations in the lake have been continuously rising for more than a century. The lake is bounded by Ontario and Minnesota to the north and west, and Wisconsin and Michigan to the south. French fur trading then flourished at intervals, but the entire region came under British control between 1763 and 1783. The navigation season is generally about eight months long. The Great Lakes Circle Tour is a designated scenic road system connecting all of the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.[29]. Marie in 1662. The link below opens a map service folder containing all map services in use by the Lake Level Viewer. Small amounts of water are also diverted into the lake from two places otherwise outside of the watershed—Long Lac and Ogoki—in order to accentuate hydroelectric power generation at Sault Sainte Marie, Michigan, and Niagara Falls. Storms that claimed multiple ships include the Mataafa Storm in 1905 and the Great Lakes Storm of 1913. The current monthly average water level shows the average lake level for the previous month. [35] Without the immense weight of the ice, the land rebounded, and a drainage outlet formed at Sault Ste. It is the shallowest of the Great Lakes with an average depth of 62 feet and a maximum depth of 210 feet. View point-based 7-day wind and wave forecasts in Lake Superior. Conversely, there is a 20% or less likelihood that the area will be dry. The extent of water depicted in the Lake Level Change tab is not as precise as it may appear. The principal ports along the lake’s south shore are Ashland (Wisconsin), Hancock and Houghton (both on a 25-mile- (40-km-) long canal across the Keweenaw Peninsula, Michigan), and Marquette. LAKE SUPERIOR marine chart is available as part of iBoating : USA Marine & Fishing App(now supported on multiple platforms including Android, iPhone/iPad, MacBook, and Windows(tablet and phone)/PC based chartplotter.). [21] Water levels recovered within a few days. Pierre Espirit Radisson and Médard Chouart des Groseilliers gathered a valuable cargo of furs during their extensive travels on the lake (1659–60).

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